The Radiology residency program offers the most up-to-date equipment to produce and read images, including PET and combined PET/CT unit, 3 Tesla MRI and 3D biplane angiography. Saint Raphael's is among the first Connecticut hospitals to use a 3 Tesla MRI, and is one of the only Connecticut residency programs to offer virtual 3D imaging such as CT colonoscopy. A Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS) that electronically manages and stores radiographic images has been in place since 2003.
Residents are exposed to the majority of the 200,000 diagnostic examinations and interventional procedures performed in the Radiology Department each year.
Diversified
experiences
All Saint Raphael inpatient beds are considered radiology teaching beds, providing the trainees with diversified clinical materials and experiences. Residents work with 20 board-certified radiologists, many of whom hold clinical appointments at Yale University School of Medicine.
Residents review case studies daily allowing exposure to the entire scope of diagnostic modalities, including advanced cross sectional imaging. Residents also learn how to perform and interpret special imaging guided procedures, among them fluoroscopy, arthrography, arteriography, venography, angioplasty, vascular stenting, myelography, percutaneous biopsies and drainages, as well as nuclear medicine procedures. Residents become familiar with mammographic screening and the more advanced diagnostic techniques, such as stereotactic biopsy and breast MR.
Comprehensive radiologic physics is also taught each year at Saint Raphael's, including the physics of X-ray production, ultrasound, nuclear medicine, CT, MRI, mammography and radiation biology and protection. The physics Program is co-sponsored with Yale-New Haven Hospital.
Resources
available
Saint Raphael's holds two intradepartmental teaching conferences or lectures daily, in addition to the scheduled interdepartmental conferences. The Hospital's library offers computer literature facilities and the department has a radiology library with a large cross-indexed teaching file and computer resources. Additional articles and books can also be obtained from Yale University School of Medicine.
The Ultrasound Section has six state-of-the-art real-time units with duplex and color Doppler capabilities. Residents are actively involved in the performance and interpretation of abdominal, obstetrical, peripheral vascular, small parts and intracavitary scans. Approximately 10,000 exams are performed each year.
The CT Section has three multi-detector scanners with near-instant image reconstruction capability, and offers special programs in 3-D imaging with dedicated post processing work stations. Approximately 40,000 scans are performed yearly, including neuro and body studies as well as numerous biopsy and drainage procedures and 3D image analysis.
The Nuclear Medicine Section has seven imaging units, including a PET/CT unit and three single photon emission SPECT units. Residents have access to the computers used for diagnosis, perform and interpret studies, participate in conferences and keep a nuclear medicine teaching file.
Residents are also assigned to cardiac imaging rotations that Include echocardiography and nuclear cardiology-in addition to cardiac CT and MR-providing an efficient setting for evaluating and correlating cardiac imaging and physiologic studies.
In addition to industry standard MRI 1.5, Saint Raphael's deployed a new 3 Tesla MRI machine in 2004, becoming the first general acute care hospital in southern Connecticut with this type of unit for clinical use. This technology offers superior image quality while increasing examination speed, a major advantage for claustrophobic and critically ill patients.
Full Time Faculty
Philip A. Dinauer, M.D. - Program Director
A musculoskeletal radiologist, Dr. Dinauer joined the Saint Raphael’s staff in July 2005. He has a B.A. degree from Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Md., and a M.D. from Vanderbilt University. His diagnostic radiology residency was completed at Walter Reed Army Medical Center in 1997, where he served as section chief of musculoskeletal radiology until 2005. He has written and presented several peer-review papers on topics in musculoskeletal radiology, and has completed additional training in musculoskeletal radiology at the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology.
Turgut Berkmen, M.D.
Dr. Berkmen is an interventional/neurointerventional radiologist who came to Saint Raphael’s in 2002, after completing an endovascular/interventional neuroradiology fellowship at the University of Miami’s Jackson Memorial Hospital. He has a M.D. from Istanbul University School of Medicine, where he also was a transitional intern and diagnostic radiology resident. He also performed a chest radiology observership at Columbia Presbyterian Hospital and was a diagnostic radiology resident at Saint Raphael’s. This was followed by a vascular interventional radiology fellowship at Jackson Memorial and a cross-sectioning imaging fellowship at Saint Raphael’s. He is a clinical instructor at Yale University School of Medicine.
Malcolm B. Friedman, M.D.
An attending radiologist, Dr. Friedman has been at Saint Raphael’s since 1987. He has an A.B. from Harvard College and a M.D. from the University of Pennsylvania. He performed his internship, residency and chief residency at University of California Hospitals, as well as a computed tomography/ultrasound fellowship.
Helmuth W. Gahbauer, M.D.
Dr. Gahbauer has been a Saint Raphael attending radiologist and neuroradiologist since 1984. An assistant clinical professor at Yale University School of Medicine, he holds a M.D. from the University of Munich. He performed a rotating internship through the Hospitals of Munich, an internal medicine residency at Bundeswehrezentralkrankenhaus Koblenz military hospital, a diagnostic radiology residency at Saint Raphael’s, a neuroradiology fellowship at University of Oregon Health Sciences Center and a therapeutic radiology residency at Hauptkrankenhaus hospital.
Lee H. Greenwood, M.D.
Dr. Greenwood is director of interventional radiology, and is an attending radiologist, as well as an associate clinical professor at Yale University School of Medicine. With a B.A. from University of Utah and a M.D. from George Washington University School of Medicine, Greenwood performed a medical/radiological internship at Wilford Hall U.S.A.F. Medical Center. He was also a radiology resident and performed an angiography/interventional radiology residency there.
Paul H. Levesque, M.D.
An attending radiologist since 1990 and Saint Raphael’s director of breast imaging, Dr. Levesque earned a B.A. summa cum laude from St. Michael’s College and a M.D. from Georgetown University School of Medicine. He performed a flexible rotating internship at Malcolm Grow U.S.A.F. Medical Center, followed by a diagnostic radiology residency at David Grant U.S.A.F. Medical Center and an interventional procedures fellowship at Wilford Hall U.S.A.F. Medical Center.
Felix Lin, M.D., MPH
Dr. Lin joined Saint Raphael’s as an attending neuroradiologist in the Department of Radiology in July 2007. After earning a B.A. from Washington University and an MPH from Yale University School of Epidemiology and Public Health, he received his M.D. from the University of New Mexico School of Medicine. Dr. Lin completed his residency in diagnostic radiology at Yale-New Haven Hospital, where he also served as chief resident. Most recently, he completed a fellowship in neuroradiology at Duke University Medical Center.
C. Bogdan Marcu, M.D.
Dr. Marcu joined Saint Raphael's as an attending cardiologist in the Department of Radiology in 2006. A graduate of the University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila in Romania, Dr. Marcu completed his residency in internal medicine, as well as nephrology and cardiovascular diseases fellowships at Saint Raphael's. He also has a research fellowship in cardiovascular diseases and was a cardiac imaging fellow at the Vrije University Medical Center in the Netherlands. Dr. Marcu is a prolific clinical researcher with multiple publications related to cardiovascular diseases and imaging.
Frank M. Mele, M.D.
Dr.Mele has been a Saint Raphael attending physician since 1998. He has a B.S. from Albright College and a M.D. from the University of Health Sciences, the Chicago Medical School. He performed a medical internship at Norwalk Hospital, a diagnostic radiology residency and chief residency at Saint Raphael’s and a thoracic imaging fellowship at Yale-New Haven Hospital. He is a clinical instructor at Yale University School of Medicine.
Diego B. Nunez Jr., M.D., M.P.H.
Chairman of Saint Raphael’s Radiology Department, Dr. Nunez is also a clinical professor at Yale University School of Medicine. He earned his B.S. from Santiago de Leon de Caracas College; M.D. from Universidad Central de Venezuela; and performed an internal medicine residency at Carney Hospital, Boston University School of Medicine. A diagnostic residency followed at Saint Raphael’s, as well as a cardiovascular radiology/special procedures fellowship at Jackson Memorial Hospital, University of Miami School of Medicine. He also earned a M.P.H., with a healthcare management and policy concentration, from Harvard School of Public Health. He is a former professor at University of Miami School of Medicine and Harvard Medical School. Immediately prior to joining the Saint Raphael staff in 2001, he was director of Emergency Radiology at Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School.
Edward Prokop, M.D.
Dr. Prokop is director of Saint Raphael’s Cardiac Diagnostic Unit. He’s been here since 1974 and is also an associate clinical professor at Yale University School of Medicine. He has a B.S. and M.S. from Pennsylvania State University and a M.D. from the University of Florida. He performed an internal medicine internship and residency at Presbyterian University Hospital, University of Pittsburgh, and a nuclear medicine fellowship at Johns Hopkins.
Zenon Protopapas, M.D.
Dr. Protopapas has been a Saint Raphael attending physician since 1997 and is an assistant clinical professor at Yale University School of Medicine. He has a M.D. magna cum laude from Albert-Ludwigs University, followed by a year as a biochemistry research associate at Tufts University School of Medicine. He performed an internal medicine residency at Waterbury Hospital, as well as a radiology residency and chief residency at Saint Raphael’s.
Priya Rastogi, M.D.
Dr. Rastogi joined the Saint Raphael Department of Radiology as an attending radiologist in body imaging in July 2007. She received her M.B.B.S. from Grant Medical College in Mumbai, India, and completed an internship and residency in India. After a transitional year of training at Saint Vincent’s Medical Center and a doing a radiology residency there, Dr. Rastiogi completed an abdominal imaging fellowship at Columbia Presbyterian Hospital in New York.
Jose Restrepo, M.D.
Dr. Restrepo joined Saint Raphael’s as an attending radiologist in body imaging in the Department of Radiology in November 2007. He received his M.D. from Pontificie Universidad Javeriana, Bogata, Colombia, where he was salutatorian. He completed an internship and residency at the Hospital of Saint Raphael, serving as chief resident in his last year followed by a musculoskeletal radiology fellowship at the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics. Most recently, Dr. Restrepo served as a staff radiologist for the Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center in Miami, Florida.
Lawrence Saperstein, M.D.
Dr. Saperstein joined Saint Raphael’s as an attending radiologist in nuclear imaging in August 2007. After graduating from Duke University cum laude with a B.S., he received his M.D. from Duke University School of Medicine. Dr. Saperstein did an internship in general surgery at Stanford University Medical Center, after which he did a residency in diagnostic radiology at Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center, where he then served as chief resident. He subsequently completed a fellowship in nuclear medicine and PET imaging. Prior to joining Saint Raphael’s, Dr. Saperstein was an attending radiologist and director, Division of Nuclear Medicine at Englewood Hospital and Medical Center in Englewood, N.J.
Amy H. Sherman, M.D.
An attending radiologist since 1994, Dr. Sherman is a former Saint Raphael chief radiology resident. She earned a B.S. from Harvard-Radcliffe University and a M.D. from Hahnemann University School of Medicine. She performed a surgical internship and residency at Beth Israel Hospital, worked for two years as a Beth Israel ED physician and then entered Saint Raphael’s diagnostic radiology and nuclear medicine program. A Saint Raphael cross-sectional imaging fellowship followed.
Douglas D. Silin, M.D.
Dr. Silin is an interventional radiologist who came to Saint Raphael’s in August 2005. Prior to that, he was director of Interventional Radiology at Ball Memorial Hospital in Muncie, In., where he was in practice for nine years. He has an A.B. from Dartmouth College and a M.D. from Boston University. Dr. Silin completed an internship in internal medicine at Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, residency at Saint Vincent’s Hospital in Worcester, Mass., and a Fellowship at Yale.
Neil W. Tishkoff, M.D.
An attending Saint Raphael radiologist since 1999, Dr. Tishkoff earned a B.S. cum laude from Syracuse University and a M.D. from State University of New York at Stony Brook School of Medicine. He performed a primary care internal medicine internship at the University of Rochester, a radiology residency at University of Pittsburgh and a neuroradiology fellowship at the University of Pittsburgh. He is a clinical instructor at Yale University School of Medicine.
Fredrik Zetterberg, M.D.
Dr. Zetterberg is Saint Raphael’s director of cross-section imaging and chief of sectional abdominal ultrasound. He has a M.D. from Saint Thomas’ Hospital Medical School, London University, followed by an internship at Saint Mary’s General Hospital and a junior residency at London’s Greenwich District Hospital. He performed his diagnostic residency and chief residency at Saint Raphael’s, as well as an ultrasound fellowship.
William Zucconi, D.O.
Dr. Zucconi joined Saint Raphael’s as an attending neuroradiologist in the Department of Radiology in July 2007. After receiving his B.A. degree from the State University of New York at Geneseo, Bill completed his D.O. at the New York College of Osteopathic Medicine. Dr. Zucconi then did a transitional year internship, followed by a residency in diagnostic radiology at the State University of New York, Stony Brook. He then completed a neuroradiology fellowship at Mount Sinai Medical Center.
During your interview, you will learn about the many skilled community physicians who serve the Radiology program as part-time faculty.
Clinical
rotations
Core rotations are performed at Saint Raphael's, with additional pediatric radiology training taking place at Connecticut Children's Medical Center and Yale-New Haven Hospital. PGY 3s also attend the renowned six-week course in radiologic-pathologic correlation at the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology in Washington, D.C., with tuition paid by the Department of Radiology.
Saint Raphael Radiology residents start their day with a 7:45 a.m. teaching conference, followed by three hours of clinical service and a noon to 1 p.m. daily lunch teaching conference. Afternoons are spent performing clinical duties, with the workday ending at 5:30 p.m., unless on night call.
Clinical duties vary with each rotation, as follows:
- GI/GU (fluoroscopy).
Combined rotations emphasize fluoroscopic procedures, such as barium studies (including single and double contrast exams and enteroclysis), cystography and urethrography, ERCP, IVPs and hysterosalpingography.
- Musculoskeletal.Residents review orthopedic plain films and large volumes of Emergency Department skeletal trauma films; participate in arthographic procedures of the knee, shoulder, wrist, elbow, ankle and hips; and bone biopsies. The resident also views a wide variety of MR scanning of the joints, bones and soft tissues.
- CT Body (Chest and Abdomen).
These rotations are dedicated to the CT evaluation of chest, abdomen and pelvis. There is a large case volume daily, read with body image specialists and the rotations are subdivided into cardio thoracic and abdominal cross sectional imaging. Residents prescribe, monitor and read diagnostic CTs, as well as perform CT-guided biopsies including lung, lymph node, liver, pancreas, adrenal, kidney, spleen, soft tissue and bone, in addition to fluid collection drainages. Residents also take part in reconstructing and interpreting 3D image studies, virtual endoscopy, CT angiography, cardiac scoring and other specialized CT procedures. The CT scanners are multi-detector machines with CT fluoroscopy and cardiac gating. Biopsies, drainages and 3D procedures are done on a daily basis, which allows you to quickly gain proficiency in these techniques.
- Ultrasound.
Residents are actively involved in performing and interpreting abdominal, obstetrical, peripheral vascular, small parts and intracavitary scans, as well as performing ultrasound guided interventional procedures.
- Nuclear Medicine. This state-of-the-art department trains residents in routine and advanced techniques, such as exercise stress testing, SPECT and PET. Since this department is academically oriented, many residents take part in clinical studies. A large teaching file and special lecture series for interns help prepare residents for on-call responsibilities.
- Vascular and Interventional. All types of vascular and non-vascular interventional radiology procedures are performed on a one-to-one basis with subspecialty attendings. These include both routine and more sophisticated procedures, among them: diagnostic vascular and therapeutic procedures such as angioplasty, stenting, venous access, biliary and renal procedures, as well as neurointerventional procedures such as intracranial vascular malformation embolizations, aneurysm coiling, vertebroplasty and tumor ablation.
- Neuroradiology. IIncorporating CT, MRI, fluoroscopy and interventional procedures, residents participate in prescribing, monitoring and interpreting a wide variety and high volume of head, neck and spine cases in all areas, under the guidance of subspecialized neuroradiologists. This includes 3D CT, functional MRI, MR Spectroscopy, and Perfusion and Diffusion Imaging.
- MRI Body. The department has a 3 Tesla MRI and a 1.5 Tesla MRI and residents prescribe pulse sequences, monitor images and attend readout sessions.
- Mammography. With three units and a complete digital mammography system, residents participate in biopsies, needle localizations and diagnostic mammograms with emphasis on problem solving. Ultrasound and MRI of the breast, as well as ultrasound-guided procedures and stereotactic biopsies are also be incorporated. Interpretation of diagnostic mammograms and problem solving is also emphasized.
- Pediatrics. Residents spend one month at the Connecticut Children's Medical Center, where pediatric skeletal and GU radiology are emphasized. Two months in Yale's pediatric radiology section will follow, where imaging pertinent to newborns and children is learned. Some pediatric imaging is done at Saint Raphael's through the pediatric clinic and ED.
- Electives. These three months give residents the chance to gain extra experience in a Radiology subspecialty - or conduct research - by working one-on-one with a Saint Raphael physician.
Research
At Saint Raphael's, residents take part in monthly Radiology grand rounds; journal clubs; interdisciplinary conferences with physicians and residents from Saint Raphael's Departments of Gastroenterology, Orthopedics, Oncology, Pediatrics, ENT, Cardiology, Internal Medicine, Surgery, Pulmonary Medicine and Vascular Surgery, among others. Residents are also required to complete at least one research project during your four years and are encouraged to use faculty as mentors. At any given time, a wide variety of studies are under way, allowing residents to choose from virtually any of the radiologic subspecialties. PGY 5s are given the opportunity to present their work to the department and Saint Raphael medical community at a special end-of residency academic activity.
Several projects conducted by Radiology residents and staff in recent years have been selected and presented at the highly competitive Radiology Society of North America's 88th Scientific Assembly and Annual Meeting and ARRS meetings, followed by publications in the respective society journals.
Recent
graduates
A partial list of where recent graduates have gone after completing their Saint Raphael residency includes:
Abdominal body imaging fellowship
Vancouver General Hospital
Angiography/interventional fellowship
Louisiana State University
Cross-sectional imaging fellowship
Rhode Island Hospital
Musculoskeletal fellowship
University of Iowa,
Brigham & Women's, Boston, MA. and University of Maryland
Neuroradiology fellowship
George Washington University, Washington, D.C. and Emory University in Atlanta
Nuclear Medicine fellowship
Mallinckrodt Institute,
Body Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital
Vascular interventional fellowship
Miami Vascular Institute
Jackson Memorial Hospital, Fla.
Yale-New Haven Hospital
For further information
For more information or to request our brochure, Resident Education at the Hospital of Saint Raphael, contact Elizabeth Joyce, Department of Radiology, at (203) 789-3118 or ejoyce@srhs.org.
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